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The Nuclear Card

Blackface, Brownface, Yellowface, Arabface, Jewface, and Purpleface

Posted on 07 May 2012 by Danios

Ashton Kutcher recently embroiled himself in some controversy by starring in a commercial for Pop Chips.  He was featured in the ad in brownface.  Kutcher used brown make-up to darken his face in order to play Raj, a Bollywood producer “looking for love.”  Many Americans of South-Asian ethnicity were offended and protested the racist stereotyping of Indians.  Duly chastened, Pop Chips removed the ad.

Comedian Hasan Minhaj, himself of South Asian ethnicity, didn’t think this sufficient and issued a video response blasting Pop Chips:

The Huffington Post also wrote an article about Minhaj’s response:

One common reaction to the ad’s use of stereotypes, both on Twitter and in comments, has been, “How is this any different than Sacha Baron Cohen doing ‘Borat’?”

Minhaj’s response was decisive: Borat is not in brownface.

“As a man of Jewish descent, Sacha Baron Cohen uses the character of Borat to ridicule antisemitism, misogyny, and bigotry,” Minhaj told HuffPost. “What was the point of the ‘Raj’ character? Oh yeah, to sell Pop Chips by blatantly laughing at Indian people.”

In fact, Sacha Baron Cohen has now appeared in Arabface in the heavily anticipated movie The Dictator.  Cohen depicts Admiral General Shabazz Aladeen, a fictional Arab character.

You know how many Americans have protested this movie?  Exactly three and a half people.  There is absolute silence, approving acceptance, and in fact gleeful admiration for the blatant racist stereotype that is the movie’s main character.

As Hasan Minhaj explained, the reason Pop Chips thought they could get away with brown face is

because that’s the way it is now.  They wouldn’t do that with any other ethnicity.  There’s a barbecue flavor of Pop Chips.  Why didn’t you make him black faced and Tyrone? Why didn’t you do that?  Because you knew you would get f*@king buried, Pop Chips, that’s why!

Well, at least Pop Chips removed the ad.  It’s even worse for Arabs and Muslims: nobody has given two damns about The Dictator.  If a major motion studio made a movie about a character in blackface, yellowface, or Jewface–they “would get f*@king buried.”

I know what you’re going to say to justify it: Cohen portrays a tyrannical Arab dictator, not just any ole’ Arab.  Here’s why I’m not buying it.  Can you imagine, just for a fleeting moment, if an Arab Muslim dressed up as an evil Jewish person–in Jewface no less–and made a movie out of it?  Can you imagine how “f*@kingburied” that person would be?

If Sacha Baron Cohen is justifying racist stereotypes under the guise of “just portraying an evil Arab tyrant”, could Arabs make a major motion film featuring a Jewfaced actor–complete with hooknose, dreadlocks, and a skull cap–starring as an evil Israeli politician?  If an Arab American or an American Muslim did such a thing, we all know how “f*@king buried” they’d be.

But, here we have  Jewish actor, Sacha Baron Cohen, depicting an Arab in a racist way. The double standard is obvious: a Jewish person can get away with playing a stereotypical Arab Muslim, but an Arab Muslim would be likened to Adolf Hitler if he portrayed a stereotypical Jewish person.

Cohen’s mother was born in Israel and Cohen himself spent time in Israel.  He also has associated with a Zionist movement, Habonim Dror.  Thankfully, Habonim Dror is actually very moderate in its views towards Palestinians.  Naturally, none of this is a crime, but it certainly means he is all the more audacious in portraying an Arab in Arabface.  Imagine, for instance, the reaction of the media (Fox News!) to an Arab Muslim who is part of CAIR–or an Iranian American with ties to Iran–portraying a Jew in Jewface.  Any Arab, Muslim, or Iranian who did such a thing would be “f*@king buried” alive in America.  He’d lose his job, be labeled an Anti-semite, and become a social outcast forever.

Really, the truth is that one simply cannot imagine a major motion film being made using any other type of face: can you imagine the outcry over blackface?  Is there even a question about that one?  We’ve seen the reaction over brownface: the Pop Chips ad was removed.  (Meanwhile, The Dictator marches onward without a single peep from any corner of American society.)  As for yellowface, I sincerely doubt that Sacha Baron Cohen could get away with painting his face yellow and squinting his eyes.  Jewface?  Yeah, right!

The rules are clear:

Blackface?  Not a chance!

Brownface?  Maybe, but probably not.

Yellowface?  No way, Jose!

Jewface?  You Anti-Semite!

Arabface?  We love it!

Stereotyping and racism against Arabs and Muslims is perfectly OK, because they occupy the lowest rung of the social totem pole in America.

I know people will rush to justify The Dictator, “because it’s funny.”  I’m not denying it’s funny.  I’ve seen the trailers and they are, quite honestly, hilarious.  But, does being funny give one a pass to be blatantly racist?  If a white actor made a comedic film in blackface, portraying a tribal African in native dress–with a bone through his nose and riding a cheetah–would this be acceptable so long as the jokes were funny enough?

True, comedy is a special world, but I just can’t imagine too many white comics making fun of blacks in a pejorative way and then justifying it by saying “it’s just comedy!”  Certainly, black comedians can poke fun at their own community, just as Jewish comedians do to their own community.  But, making fun of another race–especially one which historically has been at loggerheads with your own (i.e. white vs. black, Jewish vs. Arab, etc.) seems to me to be very questionable.

Another justification will be raised, which is that Jewish comedians, including Sacha Baron Cohen himself, make fun of Jews also.  As I said above, it’s one thing to make fun of your own community.  It’s quite a different matter to attack another.  Furthermore, there’s a difference between relatively benign* (yet unhelpful) stereotypes (i.e. black people are good at basketball, have large you know what’s, etc.) and very malignant, extremely hurtful ones (i.e. black people are violent, prone to criminality, are apes, etc.).  The jokes about Jewish people that Jewish comedians make are almost always of the former type and not the latter.  Meanwhile, racist portrayals of Arabs and Muslims are often of the latter type, depicting them as violent terrorists and oppressors of women.

Compared to prevailing Arab and Muslim stereotypes, Ashton Kutcher’s Raj was significantly less offensive.  How an Arab Muslim would long to be the “exotic”, funny-talking Apu character from the Simpsons instead of Achmed the Dead Terrorist.  Trust me, you’d rather be stereotyped as the guy who works at a convenience store than the guy who blows it up.

*To be clear, I am opposed to all racist stereotyping, whether benign or malignant.  The word “benign” is itself a bit misleading, because even these stereotypes have associations with malignant stereotypes: for example, black men being nothing but gladiators or sexual beasts.  On the other hand, I recognize that it would probably be difficult to eliminate all stereotyping in comedy routines.  Poor Russell Peters would be left with 2 minutes of material.  Certainly, however, even Russell Peters understands and respects the difference between “benign” and malignant stereotypes.

Nonetheless, I have a huge problem with the fact that we define non-white people by their race.  All we see, at least when we look at minorities, is a black face, a yellow face, and a brown face.

Danios was the Brass Crescent Award Honorary Mention for Best Writer in 2010 and the Brass Crescent Award Winner for Best Writer in 2011.

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  • Steve

    He doesn’t look Arab at all, he just has a beard. Plenty of non arabs have arabic names, is everybody in the “arab world” an arab? Do they not have multi-culturalism there?

  • Jingoist

    Well said Danios

  • Danios

    ‘The Dictator’ is not Arab. Baron Cohen’s character explicitly says “I am not an Arab”

    He just looks Arab, has an Arabic-sounding name, speaks in an Arabic accent, speaks a made-up language that’s supposed to sound like Arabic, he comes from an imaginary country with an Arab-sounding name–a country that is located in the Arab world where a real Arab country exists–he is a dictator based on two real Arab dictators, but aside from all that, what would give you the strange idea that the character is meant to depict an Arab?

  • Hetal

    ‘The Dictator’ is not Arab. Baron Cohen’s character explicitly says “I am not an Arab” in the movie after John C. Reilly’s character makes a remark about it. (along with soundtrack music being pulled from Indian, Persian, Turkish, and Romanian artists — like Borat)

    I am all for calling Ashton out on his shitty Indian impersonation, but let’s not go too overboard with the perpetual outrage here.

  • http://mubi.com/users/1031073 Deftworker

    Great stuff. I have just posted my review of “The Dictator” which deals with the aforementioned hypocrisy and critiques the films conformism to negative stereotypes and mass public prejudice. Here it is: http://mubi.com/reviews/26342.

  • Autonomy2012

    To the author, thank you for writing this and voicing your concerns and dissent. The number of Americans protesting this film is higher than you think. It seemed to be another blatant piece of propaganda desensitizing us to the conflicts and dehumanizing an entire type of people. Please know that not all Americans have been brainwashed, their methods do not work on all of us.

  • Abdullah67

    I knew Cohen was just a Zionist apologist when “Borat” came out. He depicted Central Asians (mostly Muslims) as barbaric idiotic clowns.

    Cohen picks on easy targets. It’s what I call “bully comedy”…except his has an obvious agenda. He’s really not that funny.

    Even when he did “Ali G” (another easy target stereotype), I remember wondering why he was getting so much positive press. After Borat, I realized it’s because he’s a tool of the establishment.

  • http://danielibnzayd.wordpress.com/ Daniel Ibn Zayd

    SDI: Thanks for that! PBS also did a documentary on him Stateside. The footage of his solidarity with the Welsh miners is amazing.

  • Sir David Illuminati membership number 16.69

    DIZ
    Some of us still remember , Robeson was very popular in the UK espicially Wales , The BBC did some very good film and sound recordings.
    Like many black musicians has been more popular in Europe than the land of there birth.

  • Haddock

    @The Foreigner “When people watch it, they’re only going to see an Arab dictator, not a typical Arab person. The fact is, a lot of regimes in the Arab world are very dictatorial, and the movie is supposed to satirize that.”

    Not really. There are jokes in the previews alone (I refuse to see the film to make a full review) which are general anti-Arab jabs that have nothing to do with him being “just an Arab dictator.” In one preview, he is delivering a baby at a couple’s house, and when he discovers it’s a girl, he says, “oh, it’s just a girl! Do you want me to..where’s the trash?”, while he was about to throw the baby in the trashcan; meanwhile the white parents are screaming, “no! no!, that’s what he wanted!” All of this is to imply that white people appreciate women, and Arabs hate women. Total. Racist. Crap.

  • http://danielibnzayd.wordpress.com/ Daniel Ibn Zayd

    There is a particularly noisome aspect of popular culture where people of a given group are asked to parade around for the entertainment of their oppressors. This was referred to historically as minstrelsy, and some of the worst examples of it involve actors such as Bert Williams who was forced to smear burnt cork on his black features because to his white audience, he was not black “enough”. He was forced to speak a pidgin dialect that he stated might as well have been “Italian” for all he understood of it, but this is what white audiences wanted to hear.

    This is also the case for great American actors and singers such as Paul Robeson, who stood up for the oppressed and who was recognized for his amazing voice, but meanwhile had to act in the worst kind of racist films that showed him as the “noble savage” of Africa, or else found him on stage singing the white man’s portrayal of black life, Showboat.

    While we have the luxury and privilege to discuss this in this venue, Paul Robeson was drugged and got electric shock treatment for his standing with the oppressed. For all his work, to this day they still stage Showboat, which also contained “pointed lyrics” that pretended to “show up prejudice in society”:

    “Colored folks work on de Mississippi,
    Colored folks work while de white folks play,
    Pullin’ dose boats from de dawn to sunset,
    Gittin’ no rest till de judgement day.”

    Fat lot of good they did. The truth is, these are words put into a black man’s mouth, in a language he doesn’t use. In terms of our discussion and along these lines, I don’t want anyone speaking for me; putting words in my mouth; representing me in any way that exacerbates the power differential that divides us to begin with—this includes Arabs or Muslims who should know better, but who don’t mind being jesters for the king in order to grab a few crumbs from his table. This is a tactic and a ploy. This is minstrelsy.

    No one today even knows who Paul Robeson is, while everyone knows Baron Cohen. Nothing has changed in terms of race relations in the States; comedians mocking themselves within the context of a dominant discourse that does the same are minstrels. Those who play with “face” in any of the ways described here cannot help but land on the hugely unequal side of this power structure, and divide those who should find common cause in the racism/classism that is at the root of these stereotypes to begin with.

    Those who “don’t see this as racism” likewise reveal themselves in terms of their class position and/or desire to identify with a class in power. This is, in its own way, just another way of putting “face” on, and deserves equal condemnation.

  • HGG

    “But, one misperception in those comments is that Aladeen (Cohen) was speaking Arabic”

    So, Cohen exposed my (and Ripedia’s) ignorance. The man is a GENIUS.

    (Also, not the first time he has done that. He also used Hebrew as Kazakhstan’s language in Borat)

  • HGG

    “is the “them” supposed to represent all of us Arabs?”

    No. Americans.

  • Just Stopping By

    HGG says, “In the clip of the movie, Aladeen is riding in a helicopter with a couple of Americans and they panic when he starts speaking in Arabic and mentions ’911′″ (the Porsche, not the date) The joke, seems to me, comes from the perceptions of Arabs as terrorists.”

    Ripedia says, “in a trailer when Aladeen’s Arabic dialogue about his Porsche 911 and mentions of the Statue of Liberty and Empire State Building are misinterpreted”

    Oh, let’s have some fun here. Commenters talk about perceptions and misperceptions about this scene. But, one misperception in those comments is that Aladeen (Cohen) was speaking Arabic when discussing the 911 Porsche. He wasn’t. Well, not unless in that dialog Arabic matches Hebrew, which mostly matched the English subtitles. Also, 42 seconds into this trailer, the Dictator says that he is not an Arab: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71H6Ehjnb9g. (Warning: the clip is a bit crude at parts.)

    Discuss amongst yourselves. :-)

  • Ripedia

    If Cohen offends you, then get in line. His style of humor involves the use of stereotypes that have offended people from Kazakhstan to LA. However, in addition to mocking those caricatures, he also uses them to reveal the prejudices of others, such as the frat boys in Borat and the preacher in Bruno. The Dictator also does this to a degree, as shown in a trailer when Aladeen’s Arabic dialogue about his Porsche 911 and mentions of the Statue of Liberty and Empire State Building are misinterpreted by the middle-aged American couple sitting with him, who begin to scream.

    Also, the character of Aladeen is more a mockery of dictators than of Arabs and Muslims. He is based on Muammar Gaddafi and Saddam Hussein.

  • http://foreignersmusings.blogspot.com The Foreigner

    If anyone here knows the movie Tropic Thunder, you might know that Robert Downey Jr.’s character actually was in blackface, and there didn’t seem to be a huge outcry over that.

    Honestly, I think you’re overreacting. This movie, like you said, is about an Arab dictator. When people watch it, they’re only going to see an Arab dictator, not a typical Arab person. The fact is, a lot of regimes in the Arab world are very dictatorial, and the movie is supposed to satirize that.

    The only Jewish country I can think of is Israel, and while I’m not a big fan of them, Israel generally is a better place to live than most Arab countries. If people saw a movie calling Israel’s government dictatorial, they wouldn’t find it believable, because Israel is technically a democracy (Palestinians are a completely different story; I can’t really see how you’d make a comedy movie satirizing their treatment of them.)

  • Arab Atheist – ملحد عربي

    @Géji

    Thanks for sparing me the pains of having to respond elaborately.

    @Jim
    One more thing to add, though.

    While lynching is surely worse than other non-physical manifestations of hate, what you said does not nullify my point about Arabs occupying a low social status in spite of their (occasional) economic well being. I don’t have to be lynched to cry: “discrimination”. If your brain can process metaphors, there are things like social lynching and social castration.

    Another thing, you are “absurdly” self-contradictory. It is exactly because of things like the blood libel and the yellow badge that Jews had been victims of discrimination even before the Holocaust took place! So my question to you: if the Holocaust had not happened, would that negate the fact that Jews occupied the lowest social status for hundreds of years? Would Jews cease to be historically victims had the holocaust not occurred?

    However, I kind of understand your concern anyway. If I am not mistaken, you are afraid that by by pointing to cases of racism in the west we are eager to paint “white” people with the same brush. If that’s so, I assure you, this is not how I feel. The majority of Americans, whites, Jews, Christians, etc, are decent respectful people. And had it been relevant, I have harsher words to say about Saudi Arabia than the ones I attributed to some Western governments.

    Have a great day :)

  • hellosnackbar

    In Manchester in the sixties there was a club called the Jewish Commercial Club which usually had a guest comedian every Sunday.
    The most popular was the infamous Bernard Manning whom I saw there and more than 50% of his
    jokes were jokes about Jews and money.
    The Jewish audience loved him and at one time he appeared twice a month.
    Manning can be seen on youtube because he was a natural comedian who told outrageous jokes of his own composition.
    He appeared once in Las Vegas and told the audience that he could not understand what all the fuss
    about Nixon was.
    He said why not let Teddy Kennedy drive him home!
    There was a second or two’s silence and the audience erupted into very loud laughter.
    Manning made a living by telling ridiculing jokes about Pakis.
    I believe if he were still alive miserable political correct turds would have him arrested.

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